House of Cope

Cope family

The House of Cope.

The House of Cope and Cope family is a noble and aristocratic English and British family of Barons and Baronets, originating from Banbury in Oxfordshire. Its members have served in various roles including Members of the Royal Household, Members of the Privy Council, Members of the House of Lords and Commons, diplomats, bankers, merchants, farmers, government officials, civil servants, academics, artists, and authors.

The Cope family began serving the Tudor monarchs King Henry VII, King Henry VIII, Queen Mary I, and Queen Elizabeth I, which helped them rise in prominence.

During the 16th and 17th centuries, the Cope family played a significant role in shaping the English economy and international trade. England's expansion in foreign trade occurred during this time as well.

The family motto in Latin is "Aequo - Adesto - Animo" (English: "Be present with an unchangeable mind").

Background

The House of Cope coat of arms used by Barons of Hanwell.

The Cope surname has its roots in the ancient Anglo-Saxon culture of Britain. It is believed that the name was given to someone who used to wear a long cloak or cape on a regular basis. The surname Cope is derived from the Old English word 'cope', which originated around 1225. This word comes from the Old English term 'cape' which means a cloak or cape.

The Cope family surname was initially discovered in Northamptonshire and Buckinghamshire. They were known to serve as civil servants during the reigns of Richard II and Henry IV and were rewarded with substantial land grants.

The Cope family can trace its earliest known members back to the time when England was ruled by the House of Lancaster. However, the family's rise to prominence occurred during the Tudor period when they began serving the King of England, first Henry VII and later Henry VIII.

John Cope of Deanshanger (died 1415) was the first prominent member of the Cope family. He served as a Member of Parliament for Northamptonshire in 1397. Another notable member of the family was Sir William Cope PC, who held the position of Cofferer of the Royal Household for King Henry VII of England and was also the Keeper of Porchester Castle.

Sir William was the son of Stephen Cope, grandson of William Cope, and great-grandson of John Cope, who was the MP for Northants. Sir William was married twice. His first wife was Agnes Harcourt, the daughter of Sir Robert Harcourt. Sir William's second wife was Jane Spencer, the daughter of Sir John Spencer of Hodnell. Sir William and Jane Spencer had several children together. Sir William sold the lordships of Wormleighton and Fenny Compton to the Spencer family, who later became the owners of Althorp.

Hanwell Castle, located in Banbury, Oxfordshire, served as the Cope family's primary residence for several centuries and has played host to English monarchs.

Construction work on Hanwell Castle started in 1498 under the direction of William Cope. Sir Anthony Cope later completed Hanwell Hall, which featured four towers and a gatehouse. Known as the "gallant house of Hanwell," it was a large quadrangular building with substantial towers at each corner.

Sir Walter Cope, a diplomat, commissioned the construction of Cope Castle in 1605, which was designed by architect John Thorpe. The castle was completed in 1607 and was later renamed Holland House after Sir Walter Cope's daughter, Isabel Cope, married Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland. Over time, Holland House became a popular meeting place for notable individuals, including Lord Byron, Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord, Thomas Babington Macaulay, and Madame de Staël. Sadly, during World War II, Holland House was heavily bombed, and today, only the ruins of the house remain in Holland Park, Kensington, London.

Martha Hiden stated that Sir Walter Cope was one of the leading figures of his era in the creation and development of England's foreign trade. Cope was the owner of the Custom House Quay in the City of London and invested in new joint-stock companies, which played a significant role in pioneering England's international trade.

Sir Anthony Cope was knighted by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland in 1590. He was also made the 1st Baronet of Hanwell by King James I of England, Ireland, and Scotland in 1611.

Notable Family Members

Sir John Cope KP MP.

Sir John Cope, 11th Baron of Hanwell at Bramshill House.

John Cope of Deanshanger MP (d. 1415), Member of Parliament for Northants

Sir William Cope PC (d. 1513), Keeper of the Porchester Castle, Constructor of Hanwell Castle, Cofferer of the Royal Household of King Henry VII, Member of the Privy Council

Sir Anthony Cope (1486-1551), Author, Sheriff of Oxfordshire and Berkshire, Vice-Chamberlain and Principal Chamberlain to Queen Consort and wife of King Henry VIII Catherine Parr

Dr Alan Cope (d. 1578), Author, Senior Proctor at the University of Oxford, Fellow at Magdalen College at the University of Oxford, Master of Arts, Native of the City of London

Sir Walter Cope MP (1553-1614), Constructor of the Cope Castle in London, Gentleman Usher of the Privy Chamber for King James I, Master of the Court of Wards, Chamberlain of the Exchequer, Registrar-General of Commerce, and Member of Parliament for Westminster

Sir Anthony Cope MP (1550-1615), 1st Baronet of Hanwell, Sheriff of Oxfordshire, Member of Parliament for Banbury and Oxfordshire

Sir William Cope MP (1577-1637), 2nd Baronet of Hanwell, Member of Parliament for Banbury and Oxfordshire, Sheriff of Oxfordshire, Member of Lincoln's Inn

Sir John Cope (1608-1638), 3rd Baronet of Hanwell

Sir Anthony Cope MP (1632-1675), 4th Baronet of Hanwell, Member of Parliament for Banbury and Oxfordshire

Sir John Cope MP (1634-1721), 5th Baronet of Hanwell, Member of Parliament for Banbury and Oxfordshire

Jonathan Cope MP (1664-1698), Tory Member of Parliament for Stafford, grandson of Sir William Cope, 2nd Baronet of Hanwell, Owner of the Cope family's Staffordshire estates, father of Sir Jonathan Cope, 1st Baronet of Bruern

Sir John Cope MP (1673-1749), 6th Baronet of Hanwell, Commissioner and Director of the Bank of England, Whigs Member of Parliament for Plympton Erle, Tavistock, Hampshire, and Lymington, Owner of Bramshill House in Hampshire

Sir John Cope KP MP (1688-1760) Whig MP for Queenborough and Liskeard, Governor of Limerick, Commander-in-Chief in Scotland, Lieutenant General

Sir Jonathan Cope MP (c. 1690-1765), 1st Baronet of Bruern (Brewerne), Tory Member of Parliament for Banbury, Owner of Hanwell Castle, Owner of the ground at the Custom House in the City of London

Sir Monoux Cope (1696-1763), 7th Baronet of Hanwell

Edward Cope Hopton MP (1708-1754), Tory MP for Hereford

Sir John Mordaunt Cope (1731-1779), 8th Baronet of Hanwell

Sir Richard Cope (1719-1806), 9th Baronet of Hanwell, Chaplain to the Speaker of the House of Commons

Sir Charles Cope (1743-1781), 2nd Baronet of Bruern (Brewerne), Sheriff of Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire

Sir Jonathan Cope (c. 1758-1821), 4th Baronet of Bruern (Brewerne)

Sir Denzil Cope (1766-1812), 10th Baronet of Hanwell

Sir John Cope (1768-1851), 11th Baronet of Hanwell

Sir Charles Cope (c. 1770-1781), 3rd Baronet of Bruern (Brewerne)

Charles West Cope RA (1811-1890), Victorian Era Painter, Professor of Painting, Academian at The Royal Academy of Arts in London, Silver Medal from the Royal Society of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce in London

Sir William Henry Cope (1811-1892), 12th Baronet of Hanwell, Rector of Easton, Author of Bramshill - Its History and Architecture (H.J. Infield, 1883)

Thomas Cope (1827-1884), Tobacco Manufacturer, Founder and Owner of Cope Bros & Co., Founding Member and the First Speaker of the Liverpool Parliamentary Debating Society

George Cope (1822–1888), Tobacco Manufacturer, Founder and Owner of Cope Bros & Co., Owner of the Dove Park (Reynolds Park) in Liverpool

Sir Thomas Cope (1840–1924), 1st Baronet of Osbaston

Sir Anthony Cope (1842-1932), 13th Baronet of Hanwell, Lieutenant colonel

Sir Arthur Stockdale Cope KVCO RA (1857-1940), Portraitist, Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order, Senior Royal Academian at the Royal Academy of Arts in London, son of Charles West Cope

Sir William Cope MP (1870-1946), 1st Baron Cope, Conservative Member of Parliament for Liandaff and Barry, The Comptroller of the Household, Master of Arts, Clare College, University of Cambridge

Sir Denzil Cope (1873-1940), 14th Baronet of Hanwell

Sir Thomas George Cope (1884–1966), 2nd Baronet of Osbaston

Sir Anthony Mohun Leckonby Cope (1927-1966), 15th Baronet of Hanwell

Dame Joan Penelope Cope (1926-1991), Author of Bramshill - Being the Memoirs of Joan Penelope Cope (1938), Daughter of Sir Denzil Cope, 14th Baronet of Hanwell, Lady Grant, Wife of Sir Duncan Alexander Grant, 13th Baronet of Dalvey

Sir Mordaunt Leckonby Cope (1878-1972), 16th Baronet of Hanwell

Lady May Isabel Blance Cope (1894-1970), Scholar

Lord John Cope MP, Baron Cope of Berkeley (1937-), Opposition Chief Whip of the House of Lords, Paymaster General, Treasurer of the Household, Conservative Member of Parliament for Northavon and South Gloucestershire, Member of the House of Lords

Professor of Painting Charles West Cope RA.

Sir William Cope MP, 1st Baron of Cope.

Family Estates

The Baronets of Hanwell initially resided at Hanwell Castle, but later moved to Bramshill House located in Hampshire. Meanwhile, the Baronets of Bruern (or Brewerne) continued to live at Hanwell Castle, Tangley Hall, and Bruern Abbey situated in Oxfordshire.

The Cope family owned lands in Notts, Derbys, and Essex, as well as in Hardwick, Hanwell, Drayton, Bruern, and Tangley.

Hanwell Castle in Oxfordshire - 1st Family Seat of Baronets of Hanwell

The Hanwell Castle in Oxfordshire.

The Hanwell Castle in 2013.

The Cope family played a significant role at Hanwell Castle in Banbury, Oxfordshire, where the castle served as their primary residence for several centuries. The castle was a central part of the Cope family's history. The Cope family's influence extended beyond the castle itself, as evidenced by their involvement in the seventeenth-century water gardens at Hanwell Castle.

Hanwell Castle, under the ownership of the Cope family, became a place of historical and cultural importance. The castle's architectural features and historical significance were intertwined with the legacy of the Cope family, who maintained and enhanced the estate over generations. The castle's grounds and gardens, shaped by the Cope family's stewardship, stood as a testament to their influence and taste in landscaping.

Throughout its history, Hanwell Castle hosted English monarchs and played a pivotal role in local social and cultural events. The castle's transformation from a castellated manor house to a farmhouse in the 18th century reflects the changing fortunes and uses of historic buildings over time. The Cope family's connection to Hanwell Castle underscores their enduring legacy in shaping the estate's identity and historical significance within Banbury, Oxfordshire.

Hanwell Castle in Banbury, Oxfordshire served as the residence of the Cope family for several centuries and has even had English Kings and Queens as guests. The construction of Hanwell Castle began in 1498 by William Cope, and Sir Anthony Cope completed Hanwell Hall, which had four towers and a gatehouse. It was a spacious quadrangular building with massive towers at the angles, known as the "gallant house of Hanwell."

King James I of England, Ireland, and Scotland, and Queen Anne visited the castle in 1606 and 1612, and King Charles I in 1637, and were entertained for a day and a night. The visits were hosted by Sir Anthony Cope and Sir William Cope, respectively. The Cope family owned and lived at Hanwell Castle until the early 18th century, with the 4th Baronet of Bruern, Sir Charles Cope, being the last owner.

Copes resided at that place until its destruction by fire in 1764. The principal parts of the house were pulled down about the year 1777.

But Hanwell, at the death of the 3rd Brewerne Baronet in 1781, had passed to his sister and elder co-heiress, afterwards Duchess of Dorset, and on her decease to her daughter, the late Countess DeLaWarr

The Spencer family also resided at the castle as they were relatives of the Copes. The estate was in good condition in the 19th century but gradually decayed in the late 19th century. Kellogg College, University of Oxford, has conducted excavations at the estate, and Hanwell Castle is now a Grade II-listed building.

Lastly, it's worth noting that several members of the Cope family are buried at St. Peter's Church in Oxfordshire.

Despite its altered state, Hanwell Castle still retains elements that hint at its former grandeur. The castle grounds have been opened to the public, offering a glimpse into its historical significance and architectural remnants. The site's historical gardens, archaeological features, and community observatory contribute to its appeal as a place of interest for visitors.

Tangley Hall and Farm in Oxfordshire

Tangley Hall and Farm in Oxfordshire.

Edward Cope's son, Sir Anthony Cope (b. 1548), inherited Tangley Hall in Milton Under Wychwood, Chipping Norton, in 1551.

The architectural style of Tangley Hall in Bruern, Oxfordshire, is characterized as a late 16th or early 17th-century farmhouse with later additions and alterations. The building features elements like mullioned windows, cavetto-moulded mullion windows, chamfered arches, and leaded casements, reflecting the architectural characteristics of the period. The hall range of the building is aligned east-west with a cross-wing projecting to the north on the west side. The structure includes features like gabled dormers, integral and ridge stacks, and a basic L-plan layout. Overall, Tangley Hall exhibits a traditional farmhouse architectural style typical of its historical era.

Campden House in Kensington, London

Campden House in Kensington, London.

Campden House was most likely the residence of Sir Walter Cope in 1598. There are two drawings by John Thorpe in Sir John Soane's Museum that depict a timber-framed house, which Sir John Summerson identified as Campden House. However, he believed that these drawings were much older than 1612, and were likely of the house that preceded Campden House, built for Cope towards the end of the sixteenth century.

According to legend, Sir Walter Cope lost this land in a game of cards with Sir Baptist Hicks, 1st Viscount Campden. A comparison of Thorpe's drawings with a painting of Campden House shortly after the Restoration suggests that the changes made in 1612 were probably an enlargement and fronting of the earlier house with brick and stone, rather than a complete rebuild.

Later on, Princess Anne, Prince George, and their son William, Duke of Gloucester, resided at Campden House before Princess Anne became queen and moved to Kensington Palace.

Despite being destroyed by fire in 1862, Camden House remains a notable part of Kensington's architectural heritage, symbolizing the opulence and grandeur of its era. Additionally, Camden House's history intertwines with the broader historical narrative of Kensington's development, highlighting the area's aristocratic past and its evolution into an affluent neighbourhood characterized by stately homes and fashionable status.

Today, Camden House stands as a testament to the historical evolution and architectural heritage of Kensington, attracting a cosmopolitan mix of residents drawn to its status, schools, housing stock, and proximity to Central London.

The Cope Castle (Holland House) in Kensington, London

The Cope Castle (Holland House) in Kensington, London.

Holland House, originally The Cope Castle, during the Victorian Era.

The purpose of Cope Castle, later known as Holland House, was to serve as a grand country house and estate in Kensington, London. Built in 1605 by Sir Walter Cope, the mansion was a place for entertaining royalty, including King James I and Queen Anne. The estate covered a vast area and featured exotic trees imported by John Tradescant the Younger.

Sir Walter Cope started purchasing land in Kensington during the 1590s. He proceeded to build the Cope Castle between 1605 and 1607, with architect John Thorpe designing the building. The Cope Castle was grander than Sir Walter Cope's previous home, Campden House, which was located nearby. Later on, the Cope Castle was renamed Holland House after Sir Walter Cope's daughter, Isabel Cope, married Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland. Holland House became a popular gathering place for prominent figures and intellectuals, including Lord Byron, Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord, Thomas Babington Macaulay, and Madame de Staël. Unfortunately, Holland House was heavily bombed during WWII. The remains of the house now stand in Holland Park.

Bruern Abbey in Oxfordshire - 1st Family Seat of Baronets of Bruern

Bruern Abbey in Oxfordshire.

Bruern Abbey was built for Sir John Cope.

The history of Bruern Estate dates back centuries. In 1147, Nicholas Basset founded a Cistercian Abbey at the site, which later became a property of the Cope family after the dissolution of the abbey in 1536. In 1720, a Gotchic country house was built on the estate for the Cope family.

Sir Anthony Cope purchased the Bruern estate after 1610. Bruern Abbey, a Baroque palace in Oxfordshire, was constructed for Sir John Cope (1688-1760) in the 1720s. The architect who designed Bruern Abbey is most likely Oxford mason William Townsend. Townsend's signature can be seen on Blenheim Palace, which is located nearby and was once the home of General John Churchill, the 1st Duke of Marlborough. The Churchill and Spencer families had close ties to the Cope family.

Moreton Pinkney in West Northamptonshire

The gate lodge of Moreton Pinkney.

Moreton Pinkney in West Northamptonshire.

The manor of Moreton Pinkney has a history that traces back to the 12th century, with various families holding ownership over the years. The history of Moreton Pinkney Manor is closely tied to the families of Cope and Gaudier.

Sir Jonathan Cope, 4th Baronet of Bruern, was the last member of the Cope family to own Moreton Pinkney, located in West Northamptonshire. He owned 387 acres (16 per cent) of the estate. After his death, the manor was inherited by his wife's nephew, Edward Candler.

Currently, the ancient manor house belongs to Henry Oliver Charles FitzRoy (born in 1978), the 12th Duke of Grafton. The house bears the shields of the Cope and Gaudier families and was restored and enlarged in 1860. It is approached through lodge gates bearing the arms of the Sempills.

Bramshill House in Hampshire - 2nd Family Seat of Baronets of Hanwell

Bramshill House in the 18th century.

Sir John Cope at Bramshill House in 1838.

Fox hunting at Bramshill House in the 19th century.

Bramshill House in Hampshire.

Bramshill House became the family seat for the House of Cope in 1699.

Bramshill House, one of England's great stately homes, was built on the site of an earlier property that belonged to Henry VIII. During the early 17th century, King James and King Charles I kept their state apartments there.

Bramshill House is a beautiful Jacobean mansion located in Hampshire, which was purchased by the 5th Baron of Hanwell, Sir John Cope, in 1699. It became the Cope family's home and was the site of many changes and improvements over the years. The estate's landscape was shaped by the family, who made several modifications and modernizations to the property. Additionally, the Copes played a significant role in the interior design of the house, which is still evident today.

During their tenure, the Cope family made notable alterations to the property, including shortening the wings on the south side in 1703 and converting much of the chapel into a drawing room. They also introduced a mezzanine on the west side during the 18th century and undertook significant interior renovations in the 19th century and 1920.

Copes hosted prestigious guests at Bramshill House. In 1845, Queen Victoria herself and Prince Albert visited the estate. In 1871, the future King Edward VII, who was then the Prince of Wales, visited the estate.

During the mid-1800s, Charles Kingsley, a local rector, frequently visited and stayed with the Cope family.

The Cope family's influence extended beyond architectural changes, as Bramshill House became a local sporting and social venue in the 16th century. The estate's cricket ground hosted several matches, including a first-class match in 1823 between Hampshire and an England XI.

According to the Victorian County History of Hampshire, published in 1911, we have a brief history of the Cope family. The book explains how the Copes acquired Bramshill House and how it became linked with fox-hunting. Sir John Cope, a renowned horse owner and foxhound master, is well-known for his association with Bramshill.

The last Copes at Bramshill House were Sir Denzil Cope (1873-1940), the 14th Baronet of Hanwell, his wife Lady Edna Frances Cope (Hilton), and their daughter Dame Penelope Cope. The estate was sold in 1936.

The interior of the mansion boasts several features, including a grand hall that showcases 92 coats of arms on a Jacobean screen, an ornate drawing room, and a gallery that extends to 126.5 feet. You can find numerous columns and friezes throughout the mansion, while several rooms have large tapestries that depict historical figures and events on their panelled walls.

Bramshill House, located near Basingstoke in Hampshire, is a significant Grade I-listed Jacobean mansion in Britain. The grounds are a Registered Historic Park, which includes 25 acres of early 17th-century formal gardens, a 490-acre medieval park that has been re-landscaped between the 17th and 20th centuries, 250 acres of woodland, and various buildings such as an icehouse and a folly. The park has been used for commercial softwood production since the 19th century.

Dove Park Mansion House in Liverpool

Reynolds Park Mansion House, Woolton, Liverpool.

Cope Bros & Co Tobacco Works, Lord Nelson Street in Liverpool.

Dove Park, which is now known as Reynolds Park, was once the home of George Cope. Mr. Cope was one of the wealthiest men in Britain and a tobacco manufacturer based in Liverpool and London. In 1873, he purchased the estate at an auction. After his death, his widow sold the property in 1907. The Cope family had expanded the original estate by buying an adjacent property with an entrance on Woolton Hill Road. They also enlarged the house, which was located on the current site of Calvert Court, a sheltered housing complex on Church Road.

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